The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of capital structure on the relationship between information asymmetry and firm’s value in different stages of Firm’s life cycle of the listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this reason, the financial information of 95 companies, at interval a 5 years period (1390-1394) has been studied and tested. For this reason distinguish typical companies from the life cycle, Dickinson's Mark of Cash Flow Model (2011) has been used and the research model has been estimated separately at each stage of the life cycle (growth, maturity, and decline). The results of the regression obtained from the survey of sample companies indicate that there is a significant and negative relationship between information asymmetry and firm’s value; also, the financial leverage as a capital structure indicator modulates the relationship between information asymmetry and firm’s value. The study of both relationships at the stages of life cycle (growth, maturity and decline) shows that in the growth and decline phase, the negative effect of information asymmetry on the firm’s value is higher than the firm’s maturity stage, and also .the effect of the adjustment of financial leverage during the growth and decline stage is higher than the stage of maturity of the firm

 

 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of customer-base concentration on the relationship between disclosure quality and firm performance of the firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this reason, The financial data of 65 companies, at the five-year interval (1390-1394) has been studied and tested. In the present study, some criteria such as return on assets, return on equity, the ratio of market value to book value equity, and earnings volatility are used for measuring the firm performance. This study has examined twelve main hypotheses. To test these research hypotheses, multivariate regression models have been used using combined data and Eviews.9 software. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between disclosure quality and the criteria used for the assessment of firm performance including return on assets, return on equity, the ratio of market value to book value equity. Moreover, this research indicates that customer-base concentration moderates this relationship. While earnings volatility does not make a significant difference in the relationship.

 
The main idea of this study was a review of effect of audit quality, auditor size and auditor report lags as proxies on capital cost and litigation risk in Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. In order to examine this issue we made 6 hypotheses and analyzed data from 92 companies from 1390 to 1394. Regression model tested with panel data and fixed and random effects. The result showed among this study variables, auditor size had negative and significant effect on cost of capital and litigation risk. Auditor Report Lags had positive and significant effect on cost of capital and litigation risk.

 The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of audit experience and institutional shareholder on audit fee as well as that of an size of the company on this relation. For this purpose four hypothesis were formulated and the data related to 70 companies listed in the Tehran stock Exchange within a 8-years period (2007-2015) were examined. To test the hypothesis، the panel data analysis method was used.
The results showed that the variable of institutional shareholder has a significant and negative impact on the audit fee and the company size variable exacerbates this relationship، The audit experience has a significant and negative impact on the audit fee and the company size variable exacerbates this relationship.

Abstract

The fast-paced process of transformations in the field of information and communication technology, especially the Internet, has affected all aspects of human societies, for example, in the field of accounting, led to the introduction of a new and revolutionary discipline for Financial reporting. This new financial reporting methodology in the new era is called Internet financial reporting. This new financial reporting methodology in the new era is called Internet financial reporting. On the other hand, corporate governance, as a regulatory tool, can affect the online financial reporting of the company and its timeliness. Given the increasing number of companies using Internet financial reporting in Iran and the need for different stakeholders to seek information through the Internet, this study examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms and features The company has focused on the timeliness of the electronic disclosure index in Tehran Stock Exchange, using information from 150 companies during the period from 2009 to 1394. The hypothesis test was performed through multiple regression and generalized least squares (EGLS) with compilation of data. The results of the research showed that the size and independence of the board increased the timeliness of the electronic disclosure index, but there was no significant relationship between the CEO's duality and the timeliness of the electronic disclosure index. In fact, strong corporate governance mechanisms can, by using their power, force executives to make Internet reporting and provide information to stakeholders and try to boost business and improve financial performance of the company. . The size and profitability of the company also increased the timeliness of the electronic disclosure index, but the financial leverage reduces its timeliness.

 Abstract :
This study examines The impact of Audit Fees and Delays in the audit report on Going-Concern Audit Reporting On Bankrupt Companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Two hypotheses and data relating to 60 firms of Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1389 to 1393 were studied. In this study, Altman adjusted model according to Iran Economic Condition to determine Bankrupt Companies have been used. In this study, to analyze data and extract the results of Excell and Eviews7 softwares is used. According to purpose, Research method is Practical. For hypothesis testing, regression techniques using Panel Data method is applyed. Results of statistical analysis showed that there is significant and reverse relationship between Audit Fee and Delays in the audit report with Going-Concern Audit Reporting

 The main objective of this study is to examining the effect of disclosure level of accounting on stock price synchronicity and stock crash risk, in the companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Which is investigated the basis of the annual financial statements for the period 1389 to 1393 the 65 companies Tehran Stock Exchange. measures contains: voluntary disclosure ,ranking companies in terms of disclosure and quality of and strong disclosure policy. Also used for measure stock price synchronicity the proposed model Piotroski and Rolestton (2009), for measure stock crash risk model( Chen et al 2011), and( Hutton et al.2009).for this purpose six hypotheses are developed and data were analyzed. this regression model using panel data with fixed effects approach, reviews and tests. the results showed that voluntary disclosure variables, ratings firms in terms of disclosure and quality of information and a strong policy to disclose significant negative impact on the stock price synchronicity. the results also showed that voluntary disclosure variables, ratings firms in terms of disclosure and quality of information and a strong policy to disclose significant negative impact on the risk of stock price.

 The current research was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of audit quality on discretionary accruals for 60 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during a 5-year period from 2010 to 2015. To this purpose, three hypotheses were formulated and tested based on compound panel data. The results of the first, second and third research hypotheses indicate that there is a significant negative relationship between auditor’s independence, auditor's opinion, audit fee and discretionary accruals. To put it differently, considering the effect of audit quality criteria on discretionary accruals, it can be inferred that the auditor’s independence, audit fee and adjusted opinion cause an increase in audit quality; and therefore, increasing audit quality has led to reduction of delegation cost and alignment of the interests of managers and investors, reduction of managers misconduct, improvement of operational decision makings and enhancement of financial reporting quality. In this case, discretionary accruals decrease, and on the other hand, the surveillance role of the independent auditor and promotion of audit quality lead to improvement of the quality of corporate governance which finally lead to enhancement of earning quality and quality of financial reporting. The enhancement of earning quality and quality of financial reporting lead to more transparent information environment and reduction of information asymmetry with regard to company’s share in the market and finally, lead to discretionary accruals reduction.

Financial accounting, corporate accounting and reporting system which is related to quantitative information and discloses the financial position of the company. net profit is The most prominent of information that spread through the financial statement. Profit is the index measuring activity of an economic unit and is followed closely by capital market participants, Capital market participants, calling for clear, credible, reliable, impartial and fair information in their interest to make investment decisions. Transparence Reveals th profitability and the company's trade secrets to competitors and many investors, In other words, transparency to reflect the fact that the investors a true picture of what is actually happening inside the company . The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between real earnings management and accounting transparency of listed companies on the Stock Exchange of Tehran. The study population includes all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for a period of six years starting 1387 until the end of 1392. The results show that there is a significant correlation between abnormal discretionary costs and produce unusually accounting transparency. The results also show that there is a significant correlation between abnormal cash flow and accounting transparency

 This study examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the relationship between free cash flow and more investment in the Tehran Stock Exchange's listed companies. Period of this study, since the beginning of 1388 to 1393 (a period of six years) is considered. The research surveyed companies, companies that are active in the market in the course of the Tehran Stock Exchange have worked. The sample included 70 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In research to test the hypothesis of multiple regression and statistical techniques in Hmh¬Y software was used Excel and Eviews8.
The results indicate a significant positive relationship between free cash flow and more investment. As well as institutional ownership, concentration of ownership, board size and board independence and a significant negative impact on the relationship between free cash flow and more investment. In addition, these results indicate that managerial ownership is a significant and positive impact on the relationship between free cash flow and more investment.

Principal justified for the use of annual adjustments, to better reflect changes in the operating environment and investment firms. This explanation is consistent with the accounting standards because it annual adjustments are not permitted.
Accounting Standard No. 6 on the of Iran, time the change in accounting policy (if necessary) prior years comparative figures have been based on this new scheme. Also, in some cases, may be published in one or more prior period financial statements include the important errors that distort the favorable image, and thus reduces the reliability of financial statements. For a restatement to occur, the auditor must have failed to detect and prevent all material errors during a prior audit. This failure has been attributed to impaired auditor independence because the auditor is economically bound to the client.
This research examined the association between audit report lag and restatement in the 105 listed companies on the Stock Exchange from 1388-1392 during a period of 5 years has been investigated. . Finally, using software Excel and Eviews8 and logistic regression tested the research hypotheses. The finding show that a positive significant relationship between audit report lag and financial restatement. The finding also show that audit quality (Audit firm industry specialization, audit tenure aand audit firm size) has negative effect on relationship between audit report lag and financial restatement
 

 In this study we try to investigating the ability of investors in perception of real earnings management in Tehran stock exchange in simultaneous equation system among companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Hypothesis test has been performed using simultaneous equation system and studying 112 companies during 1381 to 1393. Based on results of this research, hypotheses 1 and 3 are accepted and hypothesis 2 is rejected.

The result showed that, at the time of decision making the investors will consider real earnings management by manipulating sales operations and optional expenditures in their analysis, but they are not able to discern and consider earnings management through manipulating the production operations.

The purpose of this study was to investigation the effect of audit quality on relationship between audit opinion and earning management. A sample of 105 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 1388 to 1392 was selected. Hypotheses using logistic regression with control over the determinants of earnings management is tested. This research was In terms of purpose and the nature of the event. And a sample of companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the systematic removal is done. In this study, earnings management by discretionary accruals are measured using the modified Jones model. The finding show that audit quality has a significant negative effect on relationship between audit opinions with earning management. also the finding show that Audit industry specialization has a negative significant on relationship between uncertainty in going concern opinion and earning management, but the finding about audit tenure not show significant effect.

 

One of the main items of the financial statement which attracts the financial statement users' attention is earning. Investors, Creditors and other users rely on earnings quality in financial decision making. Earnings predictability is one of the factors of earning quality. therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relation between surplus free cash flow, corporate governance mechanism and firm size on earning predictability of listed cpmpanies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, earning predictability is considered as the dependent variable. Evaluation criteria Contains surplus free cash flow and also Corporate governance mechanisms (Independence of Board of Directors, size of Board of Directors, Duality Director and Chairman of the Board, Institutional ownership and management ownership). Data on 100 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1386 to 1392 were analyzed. The regression model was examined by fixed effects model. The results show that firms with high surplus free cash flow experience less earnings predictability and the earning of firms with high surplus free cash flow are more predictable when chairman is independent, institutional investors hold a large stake of shares and outside directors are present on the Board. Furthermore, this study reveals that the effectiveness of governance mechanism in reducing the surplus free cash flow agency problem and improving earnings predictability will be higher in large firms than in small firms.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of information asymmetry and quality of accruals on audit fees in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, the formulation of hypotheses and data for 70 member companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period between the years 1385 to 1390 were used. To test the hypothesis of multivariate regression techniques were applied to panel data approach. The results of hypotheses show that there is a significant positive relation between information asymmetry and audit fees. The results of this study suggest that accruals quality has a significant negative relationship with audit fees.

 

Based on agency theory, accuracy in prediction gain plays a significant role in driving opportunistic behavior by managers. In this study different forms of earnings forecast and how they influence gain management will be investigated. Therefore, data relating to companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2005 to 2013 were extracted and the combined data regression model was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there is a significant relationship between dependent variables of abnormal accruals, Abnormal production costs and abnormal optional costs along with gain forecast, based on the calculated probability. If managers don't achieve to objective gains as well as being confronted with restrictions in earnings management, they proceed to manage investors' perceptions with offensive profit forecast so that they reduce the undesirable consequences of the current period.

the perpose of this study is survey of financial reporting quality effect on firm performance listed in tehran stock exchange for the period 1386 to 1391. the finding sho reverse relationship between abnormal accruals and ROA. and QTOUBIN . but there is no relationshib between ROE and abnormal accruals.

 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance measures، management ability,financial reporting quality, managerial overconfidence and audit quality measures on Stock Price Crashes of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. These three dimensions of governance in our tests: ownership structure, accounting opacity and board structure and processes, Also for determine managerial overconfidence (Excess investment, Net acquisitions of cash flows, debt-to-equity ratio, dividend yield and capital expenditure ratio),These one dimensions of financial reporting quality in our tests: Contain one measures earnings quality accrual quality model proposed by McNichols (2002)) and Audit quality measures in this study are audit firm size, audit tenure (short-term and long-term audit tenure) and audit specialist. For this purpose eleven hypotheses original and four secondary hypothesis are developed and data on the 99 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1379 to 1393 were analyzed. This regression model using panel data with fixed effects approach, reviews and tests. This regression model using panel data with fixed effects approach, reviews and tests. The results showed that the concentration of ownership measure, accounting opacity, managerial overconfidence and short-term of has significant positive impact and institutional ownership, board independence and duality of CEO, management ownership, management ability, financial reporting quality, audit firm size, audit tenure, long-term audit tenure and audit specialist has a significant negative impact Stock Price Crashes. also management ability has a significant negative impact the relationship between financial reporting quality and stock price crashes moreover, the results showed that the competitive industries and Accounting conservatism has a significant negative impact Stock Price Crashes.

 Major investors, regarding to remarkable ownership of companies shares, have influence on them furthermore having stimulant to the supervising on the companies procedures (consisting accounting procedures).The conservatives accounting procedures stop the managers from being over ambitious as well as optimistic in producing profit and cause more reliable profit-reports. In this research the stress is on the investigation the earning management on relationship between corporate governance and accounting conservatism has been studied. Hypotheses evaluation has been done through "pooled data" and for 1386-1391 Iranian calendar period9 2007-2012) using selected companies data , through systematic deletion sampling. The outcomes deal with the positive existence relationship between the institutional ownership, independence and the size of managing board with conservative profit and the reveres relationship with director general dichotomy and ownership concentration. This fact states the conformation of supplementary viewpoint on the company strategic system and conservation in financial lists describing that better observation by company strategic mechanism system leads to more conservativeness. In addition, the results showed that the earning management causes the relationship reduction between corporate governance characteristic and conservativeness,

Abstract
Investors mainly due to the considerable ownership stake in the company, has considerable influence on them, while they have incentives to monitor corporate practices. Conservative accounting practices, management of opportunistic behavior and excessive optimism in the presentation of income, because it is reliably reported earnings. This study examines the effect of ownership structure, especially of institutional owners in conservative accounting practices are examined. leading to higher demand for improving the quality of corporate disclosure. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between some features of corporate governance deals with the information content of stock.in Research data was analyzed using population of 84 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 2007-2013 by applying combination method of all data (pooled data) and ordinary least squares regression (OLS). The results obtained demonstrate a positive association between institutional ownership and conservatism are. In other words, by increasing the level of institutional ownership, firms tend to use a more conservative approach to-be. As a result, it can be argued that shareholders are active monitors, which encourage managers to report higher quality earnings.Statistical analysis indicates the conservative alternative to the separation of duties of chairman and CEO of the company is to reduce conservatism.
 

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between bussines group affiliation and earnings management in the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The annual data for the period 2007 to 2012 were studied. In this study, a correlation study is based on panel data. to investigate hypothesis ,multiple regression model was used. In order to measure the earning management ,three criteria based on accrual earnings management, earnings management through real activities manipulation and General level of earnings management was used. Business group membership variable is used as dummy variables. The findings indicated a significant relationship between group membership and earnings management. Based on the literature, Members of business Groups have many impetus for expropriation of minority shareholders and Opportunistic earnings management. Members of business Groups because of pyramidal ownership structure could be expropriation of minority shareholders. On the other hand , because of forming an internal market member of business groups can easily transfer resourse between members. Because of joint ownership, incentives to manage earnings through these types of transactions and diversion of resources between member companies exist. The potential incentives for earnings management in business group exist. In this study which was conducted as the first study in this regard in Iran, assessing the role of the determinants of the earning managment in business groups companies compared to independent companies counterparts reveals useful information for managers, investors and users of financial statements to be laid.

The purpose of this study is the survey the effectiveness of the Company audit and audit quality on earnings management companies.
The financial data of 106 companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the period 1386 to 1391 investigatio (636 firm – years).
To analyze the results of the study used program Spss20, Eviews7 and Minitab16.
The results of this study show that, in connection with the firs hypothesis that between the effectiveness of the audit company and earnings management there are reverse relationship and significant.
Also in connection with the second hypothesis of this study, we found that here are the inverse relationship and significant between audit quality and earnings management.

Working capital is one of important issues in supply chain management is financially and if well managed organizations are earning huge profits. with suppliers and buyers in the financial management of the supply chain.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the company's market value is the moderator of the relationship between the cash conversion cycle and the profitability of the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research data using statistical population consisted of 116 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 1386-1391 Dvrh¬Y data by combining (pooling) and ordinary least squares regression analysis was ¬And.
increase the profitability of their company. Also, the results in relation to the settlement of creditors in accordance with the view that the creditors paid in Shrkt¬Hayy high profitability are less profitable than Shrkt¬Hayy which is shorter. While the company's market value as a significant linear relationship with the profitability of companies.
 

Abstract :

In this research, it paid to the investigation the explanatory power of direct method cash flow components for forecasting future cash flows during 2001-2012. To do this study, 119 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange selected in mentioned period. To testify of research hypotheses was applied panel regression analysis in software EViews 6. Exerted independence variables contain operating cash flows and its components based on direct method for 1 to 4 lagged periods. The dependent variable in this study is current operating cash flow. In the research, Size, ROA, negative cash flow (NCF), and cash conversion course (CCC) used as control variables, too.
Findings indicate that effects of cash received from customers (CSHRC), cash paid to goods (CSHPDG), and other cash flows from operations (OTHCSH) in one & three-lagged periods on current operating cash flow are significant in total level of companies. In addition, the effects of cash received from customers (CSHRC), and cash paid to goods (CSHPDG), in four-lagged period on current operating cash flow are significant.
Other results show that there is significant difference between effects the cash flow components based on direct method in determining of future cash flows with three & four-lagged periods. In addition, there is significant difference between mean of predicting error of direct and indirect methods with four-lagged period. This is; direct method has low error in predicting of future cash flows with four-lagged period. The effect of ROA on current operating cash flows has been positive and significant, and the effects of NCF and CCC on it have been negative and significant
 

According to agency theory, ownership structure opportunistic behavior of managers play an important role in steering stems. In this study, various forms of property, including property management and institutional structures and how they studied the use of free cash flow .
Therefore, data relating to the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 1384 to 1390 were extracted and combined data from the regression model was used to test the hypotheses.
The results show that the optimal use of institutional ownership and management of free cash flow, but the relationship is statistically significant relationship between board independence and the efficient use of free cash flow is positive and significant.
Also, the results suggest that increasing the size of the board, the use of free cash flow is reduced.

 

 
Abstract:
nowadays one cannot ignore the importance of financial reporting transparency, since shareholders and creditors base their crucial investment decisions on the financial information of companies. Suitable disclosure along with transparency in financial reporting will provide a reliable environment and thereby companies can win more trust from investors. In the present study, it has been assumed that observing the requirements of information disclosure by managers will eventually lead to higher quality of corporate disclosure and this in turn will dampen the opportunistic earnings management by managers. To measure the quality of corporate disclosure we used rankings by stock exchange and in order to measure the earnings management we used discretionary accruals calculated using modified Jones model.
In the present study, board of directors’ characteristics were used as the mechanisms of corporate governance, earnings management with quality of disclosure in the companies registered in Tehran stock exchange. Testing of hypotheses was done using statistical analysis of panel data for the time period from 2007 to 2012 and utilizing the data of 140 companies selected using systematic elimination sampling. Results indicated that these mechanisms have a positive and significant relationship with disclosure quality. Also, a positive relationship between was observed between the separation of chairman and CEO roles and disclosure quality. Results suggested a lower earnings management in companies with higher quality of disclosure.

The aim of the present study, the relationship between Disclosure quality and adjusted stock returns with the two main components of reliability and timeliness Based on the ranking of the companies from disclosure quality point. Sample included 80 firms accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2008 to 2013 has been. To test this hypothesis we have used a panel data analysis. The result indicate that There is positive and significant relationship between the quality of corporate disclosure, timeliness and reliability of financial information and adjusted stock, These results are consistent with theoretical backing. Results indicate that participants of the capital market in Iran react positively to the disclosure quality of information by companies and have the ability to understand and use this information in their decision models.

Separation of ownership from management in joint stock companies, the potential for executive-produced until at least a portion of their wealth to transfer to other groups in the company. Because managers have access to information that other people do not have access to at least part of it. Moreover, managers prepare and submit the financial information, making it possible to manipulate or manage the information for their own benefit. Aznqsh Hay reduce conflicts of interest between shareholders and managers of corporate governance is. Corporate governance may reduce the incidence of earnings management. Investors may perceive the credibility of companies assessed by the gains in earnings management to improve Tremblay. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the properties owned and managed by the Management Board is profit in Tehran Stock Exchange. Test hypotheses using a combination of statistical data (Pooled Data) and for long Dvrh¬Y 1386 to 1391 using data from 130 participants systematically removing selective sampling method was carried out, the results indicated that the independence board of directors, board size, CEO duality and ownership task Manager there is a significant negative relationship with earnings management

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the auditor monitoring and dividend payout policy in listed in tehran stock exchange.The effective factors of this research are audit fees, which is intended as the audit monitoring measurment index. In this way, two hypotheses are formulated and the information of 70 stock exchange companies are listed during the period of time from 2007 to 2012 is analysied based on combined data. The results of this research showed that there is negetive and significant relationship between auditor monitoring and dividend payment policy and also, between auditor monitoring and the amount of dividends paid.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a meta-analysis of the effect of: uditor and audit-related variables; and firm-specific variables on uditors’ propensity to issue modified audit opinions. Auditor and audit-related variables include Big N affiliation, audit firm industry specialization, udit firm and audit partner tenure, provision of non audit services and audit report lag. Some of the important firm-specific variables include firm size, leverage, and profitability.
The Stouffer combined test is employed as the meta-analysis technique for this paper. The test produces a z-statistic that can be used to test the direction and significance of the effect of the hypothesized variables on the propensity of auditors to issue modified audit opinions.
Meta-analysis result reveals that the effect of audit and auditor-related variables on audit opinion decisions is far from conclusive. Big N affiliation and audit report lag variables are found to be positively related while the association between non-audit fees and modified audit opinion decisions is negative. However, the significant effect of non-audit fee variable is found only in non US studies. Evidence on the effect of firm-specific variables on auditors’ propensity to issue modified audit opinions is broadly consistent with hypotheses formulated in the published studies
 

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of audit quality on ipo under pricing of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study the information of 108 stock company, based on the cross sectional data, during the period of 1380- 1390 was analysis. Results of study showed that there is a significant negative relationship between audit firm size and ipo under pricing. Also, there isnot a significant relationship between.Auditor industry specialization with ipo under pricing