The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education on income and expenditure of Iranian households is health. The data used in this study was a cross-sectional data from the household expenditure survey design Statistical Center of Iran in 1392 have been achieved. Academic level-headed households as an indicator of the total cost of education and health, which is one of Eight major groups in the basket of household expenditure is added to the cost of providing health insurance and access to safe drinking water (tap water or buy water) as variables enter the model was household health costs. The two equations presented for income and health expenditure of households with a system of simultaneous equations, weighted least squares method (WLS) were estimated using the Software Eviews 8. The results of this assessment showed that education, work experience and male heads of household, and number of urban household income, household income increases as well as urban household income, education and age of household head, factors that increase Health costs are households.

In the recent decades, there have been long lasting debates about the role of the government in the economy. Meanwhile, distributive role to achieve the planned economic growth is always considered as one of the most important functions of any government around the globe. One of the main objctives of governments, policy makers amd planners in all economies is to make a great deal of efforts in order to achieve an appropriate income distribution. To do so, the income changes of the individuals in the socoiety should be analyzed and the determinants of theses changes should be identifiied using efficient tools. Maonetary and financial policies, social variables, etc.. are considered as variables affecting the income distribution of the society. Therfore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of financial policies on the income distribution by emphsizing on the transfer payments during the period from 1972 to 2012 using Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) approach. The results of the study indicated that financial policies and increased education could decrease the income inequalities in Iran, while inflation has caused the income distribution to be more unequal.

The main goal of this study is estimating money demand function in developing Moslem and non Moslem countries. For this purpose M1 money demand function was assessed in 30 Moslem and 30 non Moslem developing countries based on Human Developing Index (HDI) by applying the least squares method and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) from 1980 to 2012. Comparing static and dynamic methods in assessing money demand function shows high correlation. According to static results, elasticity of money demand related to income is positive and low for Moslem countries, but it is positive and high for non Moslem countries. However, a high elasticity of income is resulted for both groups based on dynamic method. This estimation shows that money exchange motivation in these developing groups had the highest effect on money demand; although it has higher effect for non Moslem countries. Based on static and dynamic methods, elasticity of money demand related to exchange rate is negative and low for both groups in comparison. The effect of price on positive and low-elasticity is estimated for Moslem and non Moslem countries based on static and dynamic methods. Although the inflation effect of money demand is higher in Moslem countries in comparison with non Moslem countries, the most important effect that is interest rate effect on money demand is estimated negative and low-elasticity for Moslem and non Moslem countries based on both static and dynamic methods. This finding shows that Moslem and non Moslem countries have shown less sensitivity towards exchange rate changes and speculating. However, the difference is that in static method, absolute amount of interest rate elasticity is estimated less than in Moslem countries. So, it is in contrast with the research hypothesis, however; in dynamic method the absolute amount of Moslem countries is less than non Moslem countries and corresponds with the research hypothesis